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Insomnia: Causes & Symptoms

Updated: Aug 13, 2022


Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that affects people of all ages. It can range from mild to severe and may be short term or chronic. The causes of insomnia are not always clear and may include medical conditions, medications, stress or other types of emotional issues. If you find yourself having difficulty sleeping at night or waking up frequently during the night, it's important to seek help immediately as untreated insomnia can lead to serious health problems such as depression and obesity


What is insomnia?

Insomnia is difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, which can leave you feeling tired and irritable. Insomnia is a common problem that affects about one in three adults at some time during their lifetime.

It can be caused by many things and sometimes has no obvious cause. It can also be a symptom of other problems, such as depression or anxiety disorders, but it's important that you talk to your doctor about the real cause if you are experiencing insomnia for more than three weeks (or longer).


There are treatments that work for most people with insomnia. For example, cognitive behavioral therapy may help people who find their thoughts keep them awake at night by teaching them ways to relax and change unhelpful thoughts into positive ones. The drug zolpidem (brand name Stilnox) helps some people fall asleep faster so they spend less time lying awake in bed trying to get sleep - although it doesn't work for everyone and can cause side effects such as dizziness or headaches next day if taken too late at night or too early in the morning. Of course there are many other treatments available - including lifestyle changes like meditation - so don't be afraid to ask your doctor what might work best for you!

What causes insomnia?

There are many factors that can contribute to insomnia. Some of the most common causes include:

  • Stress, anxiety and depression. If you're experiencing any of these emotions, you may find it harder to fall asleep and stay asleep.

  • Poor sleep hygiene. Habits like watching TV before bed or napping during the day can interfere with getting enough sleep at night. Also, try not to eat heavy meals right before bedtime—it'll make it harder for your body to relax into slumber mode and digest your food properly while sleeping (which will wake you up).

  • Medical conditions. Conditions like heart failure or asthma can disrupt your body's normal processes for regulating sleep cycles; this could result in insomnia symptoms such as restless leg syndrome or waking up during a bout of apnea (when the muscles around your throat relax too much during sleeping).

Other medical causes include Parkinson's disease; cancer treatments such as chemotherapy; Alzheimer's disease; chronic pain syndromes; liver disease; kidney disease; multiple sclerosis; HIV/AIDS infection (and other viral infections); fibromyalgia – an illness characterized by muscle aches throughout various parts of one’s body that makes it difficult for someone with FMS to get comfortable enough so they can fall asleep easily at night time when their bodies need rest! Eating certain foods late at night may also cause discomfort which keeps us awake longer than necessary due to heartburn , indigestion , reflux etc.. so avoid eating within three hours before going up stairs into bed because all those extra calories consumed earlier in day might lead towards having nightmares instead!




Insomnia symptoms

  • Difficulty falling asleep

  • Repeated waking up during the night, or waking up too early in the morning

  • Inability to fall back asleep after waking up

  • Waking up feeling unrefreshed or not having enough sleep

How to stop insomnia

  • Relax before bedtime.

  • Avoid caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, and naps. These are stimulants that make it harder to fall asleep.

  • Exercise regularly; exercise reduces stress and helps you relax.

  • Sleep in a dark room with no distractions (no TV or computer). If you can't completely eliminate lights from your bedroom, get heavy curtains to block out unwanted light sources such as streetlights at night or sunlight in the morning. You should also avoid using any sort of device before bedtime like cell phones or laptops which emit blue light—this type of light tells our brains that it's still daytime so we don't feel tired even though we're supposed to be sleeping!

  • Avoid eating right before going to sleep—especially greasy foods like pizza because they take longer than other nutrients do when they travel through your digestive system so if these foods are eaten just before bedtime then they'll slow down digestion which might keep us up all night long!"


Types of insomnia

It's important to understand the different types of insomnia so that you can get the right help. There are three types of insomnia: primary, secondary and comorbid.

Primary insomnia is not caused by another disorder.

Secondary insomnia is caused by another disorder such as depression or anxiety, which may also be treated with medication or therapy.

Comorbid (or co-occurring) insomnia occurs when someone has two or more disorders that cause sleep problems at the same time: depression, anxiety and alcohol abuse are common examples of comorbid disorders that cause sleep problems

There are many causes and ways to approach insomnia.

The causes of insomnia are many and varied. Some common reasons for insomnia include stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues. The following conditions can also cause or worsen insomnia:

  • Chronic pain

  • Heartburn or acid reflux

  • Asthma or emphysema

  • Sleep apnea (breathing problems at night)

  • Neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease or epilepsy




Insomnia is a common sleeping disorder that can affect anyone. It's believed to be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, anxiety and depression.

Insomnia can also be an effect of another medical condition like heart disease or chronic pain. If you suffer from insomnia and are looking for help, please contact your doctor for an evaluation and treatment options.

In conclusion, insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. There are many treatment options available which include both pharmacological (medicine) and non-pharmacological interventions (non-drug). Please consult with your doctor to determine what is best for you!


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